Intense research efforts have been directed toward characterizing mediators that control the
inflammatory response and regulate the growth, differentiation, and function of cells involved …

Publisher Summary This chapter presents the relationship between the normal state of self-
tolerance and its abnormal corollary, autoimmunity. The several possible bases for loss of …

Normal immune responses to primary protein Ags (those not seen previously by the immune
system) have been shown to require C3 and the C3 receptor CR2 (CD21). This investigation …

Several hormones, serum proteins, toxins, and viruses are brought into the cell by receptor‐
mediated endocytosis. Initially, many of these molecules and particles are internalized into a …

The frequency of murine B lymphocytes that respond to antibodies directed against
membrane IgM was measured. These anti-mu antibodies induced all, or almost all, resting B …

IT IS NOT UNCOMMON THAT BIOLOGICAL FACTORS ORIGINALLY detected on the basis
of individual activities are subsequently shown to have the same structures. The structure of …

F1 hybrid offspring of New Zealand Black mothers and New Zealand White fathers [(NZB X
NZW) F1] female mice develop antibodies to single-stranded (ss) and native DNA, immune …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine previously known as B cell stimulatory
factor (BSF-2), interferon-β2 (IFN-β2), 26-kDa protein, and hepatocyte stimulating factor …

Monoclonal antibodies defining B-, T-, and myeloid-restricted cell surface antigens were
used to characterize the lineage and state of differentiation of tumor cells isolated from 22 …

Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is co-expressed with immunoglobulin M (IgM) on the membranes of
most B cells, yet its biological function has remained a mystery. Recent detailed information …