For a long time the study of evolution has been based on morphology; the long neck of a
giraffe, the human brain, a bird's wing, and so on. Morphological change in evolution is …

Disturbance to biotic systems is usually studied on two very different scales. Ecologists by
necessity limit their studies to short-lived, localized perturbations such as the pounding of …

Lifetime reproductive success of individuals in a natural population provides an estimate of
Darwinian fitness. We calculated lifetime reproductive success in a colony of female …

I consider how the study of genetic variation has influenced efforts to conserve natural
populations over the last 50 years. Studies with allozymes in the 1970s provided the first …

When a population experiences a reduction of its effective size, it generally develops a
heterozygosity excess at selectively neutral loci, ie, the heterozygosity computed from a …

Biodiversity refers to variation within the living world, while genetic diversity represents the
heritable variation within and between populations of organisms, and in the context of this …

The basic processes of evolution are changes in gene frequency and the emergence of new
types by mutation and gene duplication. Before molecular genetics became established …

Small populations lose genetic variability because of genetic drift, and inbreeding within
populations can further decrease individual variability. Lower variation depresses individual …

A population genetic survey of over 200 structural loci previously revealed that the South
African cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus) has an extreme paucity of genetic variability …

4. Definir los términos aptitud ecológica, selección natural y evolución.. 5. Relacionar la
aptitud del individuo con la selección natural y el proceso de evolución. 6. Identificar los …