Iron plays a significant role in the body, and is specifically important to athletes, since it is a
dominant feature in processes such as oxygen transport and energy metabolism. Despite its …

Human lactoferrin (hLf), an iron-binding multifunctional cationic glycoprotein secreted by
exocrine glands and by neutrophils, is a key element of host defenses. HLf and bovine Lf …

Iron deficiency is frequent among athletes. All types of iron deficiency may affect physical
performance and should be treated. The main mechanisms by which sport leads to iron …

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global mortality.
Although the incidence may be reduced with regular exercise, the health benefits of a single …

The provision or restriction of select nutrients in an athlete's diet can elicit a variety of
changes in fuel utilization, training adaptation, and performance outcomes. Furthermore …

Iron deficiency (ID) is a prevailing nutritional concern amongst the athletic population due to
the increased iron demands of this group. Athletes' ability to replenish taxed iron stores is …

Adequate vitamin and mineral status is essential for optimal human health and performance.
Female athletes could be at risk for vitamin and mineral insufficiency due to inadequate …

Iron deficiency is the most widespread and frequent nutritional disorder in the world. It affects
a high proportion of children and women in developing countries and is also significantly …

Obesity is strongly associated with the degree of inflammation characterised by
proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Lifestyle modification …

Purpose: Iron-deficient athletes are often treated with long-term, low-dose iron therapy. Such
treatments may be efficacious in correcting iron deficiency; however, the effect on acute and …