Two factors complicate the ecological status classification of very large rivers in Europe
according to the EU Water Framework Directive: First, current assessment methods do not …

Phytoplankton is one of the five biological quality elements used to assess the ecological
status of lakes within the Water Framework Directive. Classical morphological Utermöhl …

Rivers are crucial ecosystems supporting biodiversity and human well‐being, yet they face
increasing degradation globally. Traditional river biomonitoring methods based on …

Abstract The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) aims to achieve good status of aquatic
habitats. Classification of ecological status and identifying the stressors impacting aquatic …

The phytoplankton functional group (FG) classification system sensu Reynolds enables
evaluating the ecological status of rivers using the Q (r) compositional index. Here, we apply …

Phytoplankton studies were carried out in the lower course of Poland's largest river, the
Vistula. This section of the Vistula has changed much since the 19th century due to …

The sustainable management of very large rivers is based on the assessment of their
environmental condition. However, unlike for smaller rivers, this assessment is yet less …

In 2019, phytoplankton and environmental parameters were analysed monthly during the
growing season from April to September at 26 sampling sites in the Danube and 10 …

The quantitative and qualitative status of a riverine ecosystem is mainly controlled by the
characteristics of the catchment (topography, land use, and geological structure) and …

Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled by national experts during the JDS4 campaign in
the first weeks of July with five different sampling approaches. Samples from Multi-Habitat …