Proteases are signaling molecules that specifically control cellular functions by cleaving
protease-activated receptors (PARs). The four known PARs are members of the large family …

Chronic pain is a major challenge to clinical practice and basic science. The peripheral and
central neural networks that mediate nociception show extensive plasticity in pathological …

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) have served as
prototypes for growth factor and receptor tyrosine kinase function for more than 25 years …

Neuropathic and inflammatory pain promote a large number of persisting adaptations at the
cellular and molecular level, allowing even transient tissue or nerve damage to elicit …

The neurobiology of itch, which is formally known as pruritus, and its interaction with pain
have been illustrated by the complexity of specific mediators, itch-related neuronal pathways …

Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that often occurs following peripheral tissue
inflammation and nerve injury. This pain, especially neuropathic pain, is a significant clinical …

In cell transplantation therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI), grafted human induced pluripotent
stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (hiPSC-NS/PCs) mainly differentiate into …

Despite the prevalence of opioid misuse, opioids remain the frontline treatment regimen for
severe pain. However, opioid safety is hampered by side-effects such as analgesic …

Clinically, it is well known that chronic pain induces depression, anxiety, and a reduced
quality of life. There have been many reports on the relationship between pain and emotion …

Since new roles of nucleotides as neurotransmitters were proposed by Geoffrey Burnstock,
the roles of ATP and P2 receptors (P2Rs) have been extensively studied in pain signaling …