Interest in underwater transducers has persisted since the mid-1900s. Underwater
transducers are designed in various shapes using various materials depending on the …

To meet the requirements of low frequency, high power, small size and light weight, a type of
Class I barrel-stave flextensional transducer employing improved concave stave is …

We present first-principles calculations of piezoelectric tensors for the n= 2 Ruddlesden–
Popper ferroelectrics Ca3Ti2O7, Sr3Zr2O7, Sr3Sn2O7, and Li2SrNb2O7. Our computed …

The head mass as front-end material is an essential component of Tonpilz transducers. The
transmission mechanism of head mass under excitations of continuous wave and short …

In the ocean engineering applications, the underwater projector with the performance of low
frequency, small size, lightweight, and high power is urgently needed. To meet these …

To meet the demands of low frequency, small size, light weight and high power in the
underwater application, a z-structured piezoelectric transducer (ZPT) is innovated, and its …

At present, high-speed underwater acoustic communication requires underwater
transducers with the characteristics of low frequency and broadband. The low-frequency …

For designing underwater acoustic transducers, it is usually very difficult and time-
consuming to determine multiple parameters simultaneously. Therefore, a novel design …

Flextensional transducers have been widely used as low-frequency projectors, and these
characteristics can be used to develop hydrophones with wider receiver bandwidth and …

A spiral sound wave transducer comprised of longitudinal vibrating elements has been
proposed. This transducer was made from eight uniform radial distributed longitudinal …