In the past decades, the exponential rise in fossil fuel consumption has led to a pressing
need for sustainable energy solutions. This surge in fossil fuel use has not only caused …

Recent research emphasizes the growing use of advanced composite materials in modern
transportation, highlighting their superior weight-to-strength ratio. These materials are …

Optimization studies for the energy management systems of hybrid electric powertrains have
critical importance as an effective measure for vehicle manufacturers to reduce greenhouse …

Hybrid tractors (HT) are regarded as the efficient agricultural machine due to their energy
conservation performance and faster torque response to deal with load fluctuations …

The electric hybridization of vehicles with an internal combustion engine is an effective
measure to reduce CO 2 emissions. However, the identification of the dimension and the …

As a transitional vehicle between fuel and electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles achieve energy
savings and emission reductions without range anxiety. Regenerative braking has a direct …

The many different cars, buses, and trucks that we use every day, all require the same
features: safety, sustainability, and convenience. We review the potential control …

The concern with global warming has led to the creation of legislation aimed at minimizing
this phenomenon. As a result, the development of technologies to minimize vehicle …

Hybridization on a motorcycle is a condition of utilizing an electric motor as an additional
powertrain. Motorcycle hybridization needs to consider the topology used, specifications of …

A eletromobilidade representada pela adoção de sistemas puramente elétricos e elétricos
híbridos, tem ganhado espaço na indústria automotiva por promover o aumento da …