The AIDS epidemic has been a global public health issue for more than 40 years and has
resulted in~ 40 million deaths. AIDS is caused by the retrovirus, HIV-1, which is transmitted …

The HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoproteins play an essential role in the virus replication cycle
by mediating the fusion between viral and cellular membranes during the entry process. The …

The capacity of HIV-1 to establish latent infection of CD4+ T cells may allow viral persistence
despite immune responses and antiretroviral therapy. Measurements of infectious virus1, 2 …

Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses Human Immunodeficiency Virus
type 1 (HIV-1) in infected individuals. However, even long term ART does not eradicate HIV …

The interferon-inducible myxovirus resistance (Mx) proteins play important roles in
combating a wide range of virus infections. MxA inhibits many RNA and DNA viruses …

We have constructed a new series of lentivirus vectors based on human immunodeficiency
virus type 1 (HIV-1) that can transduce nondividing cells. The U3 region of the 5′ long …

A hallmark of retroviral replication is establishment of the proviral state, wherein a DNA copy
of the viral RNA genome is stably incorporated into a host cell chromosome. Integrase is the …

Although it is presumed that the integration of HIV-1 into the genome of infected CD4+ T
lymphocytes allows viral persistence, there has been little direct evidence that CD4+ T cells …

The integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into host chromatin is the defining
step of retroviral replication. This enzymatic process is catalyzed by the virus-encoded …

Acute respiratory infections caused by bacterial or viral pathogens are among the most
common reasons for seeking medical care. Despite improvements in pathogen-based …