Bleeding after cardiac surgery is a common and serious complication leading to transfusion
of multiple blood products and resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Despite the …

BACKGROUND: Erythropoietic-stimulating agents such as erythropoietin have been used
as part of patient blood management programs to reduce or even avoid the use of …

Background Tranexamic acid reduces the risk of bleeding among patients undergoing
cardiac surgery, but it is unclear whether this leads to improved outcomes. Furthermore …

Anemia is common in patients with cardiac disease. Iron deficiency is the cause of anemia in
about 80% of all cases. Preoperative anemia is associated with an increased morbidity and …

Background Class I evidence supporting a threshold for transfusion in the cardiac surgical
setting is scarce. We randomly allocated patients to a transfusion hematocrit trigger of 24 …

Chronic anemia is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with heart failure (HF).
Restoring physiological hemoglobin (Hb) levels is essential to increase oxygen transport …

Accurately predicting red blood cell (RBC) transfusion requirements in cardiothoracic (CT)
surgery could improve blood inventory management and be used as a surrogate marker for …

Background Anemia is common in cardiac surgery affecting 25-40% of patients and
associated with increased blood transfusions, morbidity, mortality, and higher hospital costs …

Cardiac surgical patients with anaemia experience increased morbidity and mortality. Iron
deficiency is the most common cause of pre‐operative anaemia in this group. We designed …

Background Over the last decade, preoperative anemia has become recognized as a
clinical condition in need of management. Although the etiology of preoperative anemia can …