Sensors and AI techniques for situational awareness in autonomous ships: A review

S Thombre, Z Zhao, H Ramm-Schmidt… - IEEE transactions on …, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Autonomous ships are expected to improve the level of safety and efficiency in future
maritime navigation. Such vessels need perception for two purposes: to perform …

Data processing approaches on SPAD-based d-TOF LiDAR systems: A review

G Chen, C Wiede, R Kokozinski - IEEE Sensors Journal, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
With the rise of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), range sensors and their data
processing methods are becoming more and more important. Light detection and ranging …

A 64 64-Pixels Digital Silicon Photomultiplier Direct TOF Sensor With 100-MPhotons/s/pixel Background Rejection and Imaging/Altimeter Mode With 0.14 …

M Perenzoni, D Perenzoni… - IEEE Journal of Solid …, 2016 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper describes a 64× 64-pixel 3-D imager based on single-photon avalanche diodes
(SPADs) for long-range applications, such as spacecraft navigation and landing. Each 60 …

Direct time-of-flight single-photon imaging

I Gyongy, NAW Dutton… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This article provides a tutorial introduction to the direct Time-of-Flight (dToF) signal chain
and typical artifacts introduced due to detector and processing electronic limitations. We …

A 32× 128 SPAD-257 TDC receiver IC for pulsed TOF solid-state 3-D imaging

S Jahromi, JP Jansson, P Keränen… - IEEE Journal of Solid …, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
A single-chip receiver for pulsed laser direct time-of-flight 3-D imaging applications has
been realized in a 0.35-μm HV CMOS technology. The chip includes a 32× 128 single …

VCSEL-based sensors for distance and velocity

H Moench, M Carpaij, P Gerlach… - … -Emitting Lasers XX, 2016 - spiedigitallibrary.org
VCSEL based sensors can measure distance and velocity in three dimensional space and
are already produced in high quantities for professional and consumer applications. Several …

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser technology applications with focus on sensors and three-dimensional imaging

KJ Ebeling, R Michalzik, H Moench - Japanese Journal of …, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diodes provide extraordinary properties like
sub-mA threshold current, multi-GHz modulation capability, or relative intensity noise close …

[PDF][PDF] 高功率人眼安全波段垂直腔面发射激光器

张星, 张建伟, 宁永强, 王立军 - 中国激光, 2023 - researching.cn
摘要首次报道了连续输出功率> 1 W, 脉冲输出功率> 10 W 的1550 nm 波长垂直腔面发射
半导体激光器(VCSEL) 阵列. 对1550 nm VCSEL 激光器单个发光单元的热阻特性进行了分析 …

A high repetition rate CMOS driver for high-energy sub-ns laser pulse generation in SPAD-based time-of-flight range finding

J Nissinen, J Kostamovaara - IEEE Sensors journal, 2015 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
An integrated 0.35-HV-CMOS driver has been designed for a gain-switched quantum well
laser diode to generate short, energetic (100 ps/nJ) optical pulses for a pulsed time-of-flight …

SPAD Array With 256 Column TDCs for a Line Profiling Laser Radar

P Keränen, J Kostamovaara - IEEE Transactions on Circuits …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
A receiver circuit for pulsed time-of-flight line profiling laser radar has been designed in 0.35
μm CMOS technology. The receiver consists of a line detector array with 256× 8 SPADs with …