Abstract The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was one of the most devastating conflicts of the
twentieth century, yet little is known about its long-term legacy. We show that the war had a …

We study the impact of the Italian Civil War and Nazi occupation of Italy in 1943–45 on
postwar political outcomes. The Communist Party, which was more active in the resistance …

This article reviews the literature on the multifaceted consequences of historical conflict. We
revisit three key topics, which are especially relevant for the current Ukrainian context.(1) …

What is the political legacy of state repression? Exploiting local variation in state repression
during the Khmer Rouge genocide in Cambodia, we examine the effects of repression on …

What is the political legacy of state repression? Using local variation in state repression
during the Khmer Rouge genocide in Cambodia, we investigate the effects of repression on …

We study how anti-fascism during Mussolini's dictatorship in Italy affects support for right-
wing parties at 1948-2022 democratic elections. Using newly-digitized historical data, we …

Does variation in soldiers' accountability explain civilian victimization in armed conflicts? We
answer this question by studying the Italian Campaign in World War II (July 1943-May 1945) …

How and when does violence shape political behavior in the long run? We propose that
collective memories permit the inter-generational transmission of attitudes induced by …

Violence can shape political behavior across generations, but the social mechanisms
underlying this process are only partially understood. We propose that collective memories …

This paper investigates the effects of intergroup contact with immigrants on natives'
attachment to national identity. During the European refugee crisis, the Italian government …