In the last few decades, pharmaceuticals, credited with saving millions of lives, have
emerged as a new class of environmental contaminant. These compounds can have both …

Pesticides released to the environment can indirectly affect target and non-target species in
ways that are often contrary to their intended use. Such indirect effects are mediated through …

The avermectins, milbemycins and spinosyns are collectively referred to as macrocyclic
lactones (MLs) which comprise several classes of chemicals derived from cultures of soil …

1. The DEFRA ecosystem services framework was implemented in an entomological context
to provide preliminary estimates of the economic value of four key ecosystem service …

▪ Abstract Residues of veterinary parasiticides in dung of treated livestock have nontarget
effects on dung-breeding insects and dung degradation. Here, we review the nature and …

The veterinary parasiticide ivermectin was selected as a case study compound within the
project ERAPharm (Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals). Based on …

Anthelmintics are drugs used for the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by
parasitic worms (helminths). While the importance of anthelmintics in human as well as in …

Use of ivermectin in agro-ecosystems negatively affects non-target dung beetles, which
provide keystone ecosystem services for pasture functioning. While the direct effects of …

Ivermectin (IVM), a macrocylic lactone from the avermectin family, is a potent broad-
spectrum anthelmintic drug widely used in veterinary as well as human medicine. Although …

Ivermectin (IVM) is commonly used for broad control of endo-and ecto-parasites in cattle. In
wetlands of the Parana Medio River, cattle has been treated repeatedly with IVM for years …