Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a global public health problem affecting over 160 million
individuals worldwide. Its symptoms include chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and …

Effective innate and adaptive immune responses are essential for the control of hepatitis C
virus (HCV) infection. Indeed, elimination of HCV during acute infection correlates with an …

Background Liver fibrosis, which involves activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), is a
major health problem and is the end outcome of all chronic liver diseases. The liver is …

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in transplantation biology. The effect of
immunosuppression on TLR function after liver transplantation is unknown. Peripheral blood …

Natural killer (NK) cells are a part of the innate immune system that functions mainly to kill
transformed and infected cells. Their activity is controlled by signals derived from a panel of …

Viruses and natural killer (NK) cells have a long co-evolutionary history, evidenced by
patterns of specific NK gene frequencies in those susceptible or resistant to infections. The …

Although epidemiological and functional studies have implicated NK cells in protection and
early clearance of HCV, the mechanism by which they may contribute to viral control is …

In chronic HCV infection, treatment failure and defective host immune response highly
demand improved therapy strategies. Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells may inhibit HCV replication in vitro …

HCV infection is an exponentially growing health burden worldwide, with an estimated 170
million people infected. Although therapies for HCV are continually improving, there remain …

Optimally effective antitumor therapies would not only activate immune effector cells but also
engage them at the tumor. Folate conjugated to immunoglobulin (F-IgG) could direct innate …