Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune, systemic, inflammatory disorder that
affects synovial joints, both small and large joints, in a symmetric pattern. This disorder …

Aortic aneurysm is a chronic aortic disease affected by many factors. Although it is generally
asymptomatic, it poses a significant threat to human life due to a high risk of rupture …

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine which signals through TNF receptor
1 (TNFR1) and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2). Emerging evidence has demonstrated that TNFR1 …

Failure of regulatory T (Treg) cells to properly control immune responses leads invariably to
autoimmunity and organ damage. Decreased numbers or impaired function of Treg cells …

The initiation and development of major inflammatory diseases, ie, cancer, vascular
inflammation, and some autoimmune diseases are closely linked to the immune system …

TNF (tumor necrosis factor) is both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine that is
central to the development of autoimmune disease, cancer, and protection against infectious …

This review focuses on the biology of T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and
their role in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Th17 cells represent a pro …

Regulatory T (Treg) cells constitute a dynamic population that is essential for controlling
immune responses in health and disease. Defects in Treg cell function and decreases in …

Infiltration of memory CD4+ T cells in synovial joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients
has been reported since decades. Moreover, several genome wide association studies …

The relevance of regulatory B cells in the maintenance of tolerance in healthy individuals or
in patients with immune disorders remains understudied. In healthy individuals, CD19+ …