Plants employ numerous cell-surface and intracellular immune receptors to perceive a
variety of immunogenic signals associated with pathogen infection and subsequently …

The immune system enables organisms to combat infections and to eliminate endogenous
challenges. Immune responses can be evoked through diverse inducible pathways …

Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a group of
diverse molecules that are induced by phytopathogens as well as defense related signaling …

Interspecies transmissions of viruses between animals and humans may result in
unpredictable pathogenic potential and new transmissible diseases. This mechanism has …

Foodborne illness resulting from the consumption of contaminated fresh produce is a
common phenomenon and has severe effects on human health together with severe …

BACKGROUND Pathogens cause agricultural devastation and huge economic losses. Up to
30% of our crops are lost before or after harvest to pathogens and pests, wasting water and …

The aquaculture industry has dramatically developed during the last two decades. However,
this development has, in some cases, resulted in environmental degradation, emergence of …

Recognition of pathogen-derived molecules by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is a
common feature of both animal and plant innate immune systems. In plants, PRR signalling …

Protection against microbial infection in eukaryotes is provided by diverse cellular and
molecular mechanisms. Here, we present a comparative view of the antiviral activity of virus …

Plants solely rely on innate immunity of each individual cell to deal with a diversity of
microbes in the environment. Extracellular recognition of microbe‐and host damage …