Methotrexate, a structural analogue of folic acid, is one of the most effective and extensively
used drugs for treating many kinds of cancer or severe and resistant forms of autoimmune …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disease with grave physical,
emotional and socioeconomic consequences. Despite advances in targeted biologic and …

Adenosine, a nucleoside derived primarily from the extracellular hydrolysis of adenine
nucleotides, is a potent regulator of inflammation. Adenosine mediates its effects on …

Adenosine is a key endogenous molecule that regulates tissue function by activating four G-
protein-coupled adenosine receptors: A1, A2A, A2B and A3. Cells of the immune system …

Adenosine, a purine nucleoside generated by the dephosphorylation of adenine
nucleotides, is a potent endogenous physiologic and pharmacologic regulator of many …

Human health is under constant threat of a wide variety of dangers, both self and nonself.
The immune system is occupied with protecting the host against such dangers in order to …

Purinergic signaling plays important roles in control of vascular tone and remodeling. There
is dual control of vascular tone by ATP released as a cotransmitter with noradrenaline from …

Neutrophils respond to myocardial ischemia–reperfusion in a manner similar to the bacterial
invasion of a host. The inflammatory-like response that follows the onset of reperfusion …

In this lecture, evidence is presented to support the following hypothesis regarding the roles
of xanthine oxidase-derived oxidants and granulocytes in ischemia-reperfusion-induced …

▪ Abstract Immune cell–mediated destruction of pathogens may result in excessive collateral
damage to normal tissues, and the failure to control activated immune cells may cause …