Con base en el modelo geográfico de regiones naturales de Colombia, a saber, costa
Pacífica o Chocó biogeográfico, costa Caribe, Llanos (Orinoquia), Amazonía y Andina, se …

Páramo is a grass-or shrub-dominated ecosystem that occupies the cool and wet upper
slopes of tropical mountains, at alpine elevations above the timber or tree line and below the …

Alpine vegetation is scarce in central Mexico (≈ 150 km2) and occurs on the 11 highest
peaks of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). Timberline occurs at (3700) 3900 m, and …

Abstract La Amistad International Park is a World Heritage Site, which comprises 401,000 ha
of mainly upland continuous natural vegetation straddling the Costa Rica and Panama …

Highlights•Ectotherms in tropical highlands experience high hourly temperature
variations.•Female wolf spiders ran faster when in higher-than-average ambient …

The formation of the mountain ranges of Costa Rica and western Panamá, as well as the
cold climatic conditions that prevailed during the upper Pleistocene, played a crucial role in …

Many plant species in high montane ecosystems rely on animal pollination for sexual
reproduction, however, our understanding of plant-pollinator interactions in tropical montane …

Abstract The Costa Rican Paramo is a unique ecosystem with high levels of endemism that
is geographically isolated from the Andean Paramos. Paramo ecosystems occur above …

Continuous terrestrial records of paleoclimate and paleovegetation that extend to the late
Pleistocene are rare for the circum-Caribbean uplands. In this study we analyzed the bulk …

Ramal de Guaramacal is an outlier and lower elevation mountain range located at the
northeastern end of the Venezuelan Andes. Phytogeographical patterns and affinities of the …