Chemokines are a family of small, secreted cytokines which regulate a variety of cell
functions. The CXC motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) binds to CXC chemokine receptor …

As a substantial part of the brain tumor microenvironment (TME), glioma-associated
microglia/macrophages (GAMs) have an emerging role in tumor progression and in …

Tumor metastasis is the main cause of cancer‐related death. Understanding the molecular
mechanisms underlying tumor metastasis is crucial to control this fatal disease. Several …

Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology
approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled …

Single agent checkpoint inhibitor therapy has not been effective for most gastrointestinal
solid tumors, but combination therapy with drugs targeting additional immunosuppressive …

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that promote cancer growth, metastasis, and
regulate resistance to chemotherapy. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) also known as …

Chemokines have fundamental roles in regulating immune and inflammatory responses,
primarily through their control of leukocyte migration and localization. The biological …

Loss of articular cartilage through injury or disease presents major clinical challenges also
because cartilage has very poor regenerative capacity, giving rise to the development of …

Ubiquitously expressed seven-transmembrane receptors (7TMRs) classically signal through
heterotrimeric G proteins and are commonly referred to as G protein-coupled receptors. It is …

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently being investigated in numerous clinical
trials of tissue repair and various immunological disorders based on their ability to secrete …