Progress in the field of precision medicine has changed the landscape of cancer therapy.
Precision medicine is propelled by technologies that enable molecular profiling, genomic …

Cancer is the second leading cause of human death globally. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling is
one of the most frequently dysregulated signaling pathways observed in cancer patients that …

Summary Background The PI3K/AKT and androgen-receptor pathways are dysregulated in
metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPCs); tumours with functional PTEN …

Oncogenic activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B
(PKB/AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a frequent event in …

Abstract The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and the mammalian target of
rapamycin (mTOR) represent two vital intracellular signaling pathways, which are …

The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role in
regulation of cell survival, metabolism, growth and protein synthesis in response to upstream …

Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-induced transcription factor that plays vital
roles in modulating metabolism, immunity, and oncogenesis. ATF3 acts as a hub of the …

Despite the high long-term survival in localized prostate cancer, metastatic prostate cancer
remains largely incurable even after intensive multimodal therapy. The lethality of advanced …

PI3Ks are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate intracellular inositol lipids to regulate
signalling and intracellular vesicular traffic. Mammals have eight isoforms of PI3K, divided …

Genomic aberrations of the PTEN tumour suppressor gene are among the most common in
prostate cancer. Inactivation of PTEN by deletion or mutation is identified in∼ 20% of …