Testosterone is a pleiotropic hormone that plays an important role in the human body.
Classically, testosterone was thought to be predominantly involved in androgenesis and …

Objective With the advances in biological technologies over the past 20 years, a number of
new therapies to promote bone healing have been introduced. Particularly in the spinal …

Study Design. Prospective observational study. Objective. To investigate the association of
perioperative vitamin D levels and nonunion rates and time to fusion in patients undergoing …

In this era of aging societies, the number of elderly individuals who undergo spinal
arthrodesis for various degenerative diseases is increasing. Poor bone quality and …

As a common metabolic bone disease that affects millions, osteoporosis has been
classically considered a contraindication to spine surgery. However, despite the higher risk …

Study Design: Survey study. Objective: To determine the impact of osteoporosis (OP) in
instrumented spine surgery among Latin American spine surgeons. Methods: An electronic …

In this review, we discuss the demonstrated value of vitamin D in bone maintenance, fracture
resistance, spinal health, and spine surgery outcomes. Despite this, the effect of vitamin D …

BACKGROUND Over 400000 Americans annually undergo spinal fusion surgeries, yet up to
40% of these procedures result in pseudoarthrosis even with iliac crest autograft, the current …

Charles Edouard Brown-Sequard injected himself with a mixture containing liquid extracted
from the testicles of dogs or guinea pigs in 1889 (Video 1). The therapy was injected 10 …

Study Design: A retrospective study. Objective: To investigate the relationship between trunk
muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) and fusion rate after posterior lumbar interbody fusion …