The voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) protein, is an important regulator of
mitochondrial function, and serves as a mitochondrial gatekeeper, with responsibility for …

Cancer cells display a high rate of glycolysis in the presence of oxygen to promote
proliferation. Gluconeogenesis, the reverse pathway of glycolysis, can antagonize aerobic …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS, eg nitric oxide, NO) are
well recognised for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. ROS and …

Abstract Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of Phase II detoxification enzymes
that catalyse the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) to a wide variety of endogenous and …

Research over the past decade has extended the prevailing view of the mitochondrion to
include functions well beyond the generation of cellular energy. It is now recognized that …

The glutathione (GSH) content of cancer cells is particularly relevant in regulating mutagenic
mechanisms, DNA synthesis, growth, and multidrug and radiation resistance. In malignant …

Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance in the accumulation and removal of reactive
oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), is a challenge faced by all aerobic …

Mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is a non-selective inner membrane
permeabilization that may precede necrotic and apoptotic cell death. Although this process …

Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial transporters present in the inner membrane
of mitochondria. They are found in all mammals and in plants. They belong to the family of …

Cancer cells acquire an unusual glycolytic behavior relative, to a large extent, to their
intracellular alkaline pH (pH i). This effect is part of the metabolic alterations found in most, if …