Purpose Accurately quantifying knee joint motion is not simple. Skin movement over the
medial and lateral femoral condyles is the greatest obstacle to obtaining accurate movement …

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this manuscript is to (1) examine the history,
techniques, and methodology behind quantitative pivot shift investigations to date and (2) …

A stringent outcome assessment is a key aspect of establishing evidence-based clinical
guidelines for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury treatment. To establish a standardized …

Background: The increase in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in pediatric patients
and the high failure rate reported in the literature in this population are driving surgeons to …

Purpose To enable comparison of test results, a widely available measurement system for
the pivot shift test is needed. Simple image analysis of lateral knee joint translation is one …

Purpose The use of several different maneuvers for the pivot shift test has resulted in
inconsistent quantitative measurements. The purpose of this study was to describe, analyze …

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine patient and anatomic factors that influence
anteroposterior and rotational laxity in knees with ACL tears. Based on the findings of …

Purpose The variability of the pivot shift test techniques greatly interferes with achieving a
quantitative and generally comparable measurement. The purpose of this study was to …

Background: Prior attempts to quantify the pivot-shift examination have been too invasive or
impractical for clinical use. A noninvasive method for quantifying rotatory knee laxity is …

Purpose The pivot-shift phenomenon has been identified to be one of the essential signs of
functional anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insufficiency. However, the pivot-shift test …