Understanding how elasmobranchs respond to stressors is imperative so that effective
measures to reduce mortality be employed, whether in commercially captured animals or …

Blinking, the transient occlusion of the eye by one or more membranes, serves several
functions including wetting, protecting, and cleaning the eye. This behavior is seen in nearly …

Abstract Sawsharks (Order: Pristiophoriformes, Family: Pristiophoridae) are a highly
distinctive group of sharks, characterized by a tapering saw‐like rostrum with a pair of …

This report elaborates on adaptations of the eyes of the whale shark Rhincodon typus
(Elasmobranchii, Rhincodontidae), including the discovery that they are covered with dermal …

The cartilaginous fish or Chondrichthyes are a large and successful group of aquatic
organisms, comprising the Elasmobranchs, modern sharks, skates and rays (96% of existing …

In frogs and salamanders, movements of the eyeballs in association with an open palate
have often been proposed to play a functional role in lung breathing. In this “palatal buccal …

Blinks occur frequently in normal life and have increasingly been linked to perceptual and
cognitive effects. However, the oculomechanics of blink-related eye movements are much …

Unlike many tetrapods and elasmobranchs, eye-closing ability is absent in bony fishes, with
the single-known exception of the family Tetraodontidae. We observed the eye-closing …

This chapter aims to describe and discuss the roles of Chondrichthyes models in science
and how this group has contributed to the field of experimental biology. The authors discuss …