Increasing understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has remarkably
promoted the development of effective therapeutic regimens of RA. Nevertheless, the …

Recent years have witnessed significant increase in both fundamental and clinical studies
evaluating DDS for osteoarthritis. Steroid encapsulating polymeric microparticles for longer …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents an insidious autoimmune inflammatory disorder that
severely lowers the life quality by progressively destructing joint functions and eventually …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by the destruction
of the articular cartilage, sclerosis of the subchondral bone, and joint dysfunction. Its …

Treating osteoarthritis (OA) remains a major clinical challenge. Despite recent advances in
drug discovery and development, no disease-modifying drug for knee OA has emerged with …

Animal venoms are complex mixtures containing peptides and proteins known as toxins,
which are responsible for the deleterious effect of envenomations. Across the animal …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease and is the main cause of chronic pain and
functional disability in adults. Articular cartilage is a hydrated soft tissue that is composed of …

Dexamethasone (DEX) is the most commonly prescribed glucocorticoid (GC) and has a
wide spectrum of pharmacological activity. However, steroid drugs like DEX can have …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint degenerative disease that has become one of the leading
causes of disability in the world. It is estimated that OA affects 50 million adults in the United …

Biological systems overwhelmingly comprise charged entities generating electrical activity
that can have significant impact on biological structure and function. This intrinsic bio …