Human genetics can inform the biology and epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) by pinpointing causal mechanisms that explain why some individuals become …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, lethal fibrotic lung disease that occurs
primarily in middle-aged and elderly adults. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality …

The mucus clearance system is the dominant mechanical host defense system of the human
lung. Mucus is cleared from the lung by cilia and airflow, including both two-phase gas-liquid …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease typically affecting the joints, but the
systemic inflammatory process may involve other tissues and organs. Many extra-articular …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease characterised by
worsening respiratory symptoms and physiological impairment. Increasing awareness of the …

The autophagic pathway involves the encapsulation of substrates in double-membraned
vesicles, which are subsequently delivered to the lysosome for enzymatic degradation and …

Alveolar type II (ATII) cells are a key structure of the distal lung epithelium, where they exert
their innate immune response and serve as progenitors of alveolar type I (ATI) cells …

While the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has transformed the medical and
scientific communites since it was first reported in late 2019, we are only beginning to …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a relentlessly progressive and devastating interstitial
lung disease of unknown etiology, where the normal lung architecture is lost and replaced …

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) encompasses a spectrum of chronic lung diseases that
progressively impact the interstitium, resulting in compromised gas exchange …