OBJECTIVE: Hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is the most common ocular manifestation of
systemic arterial hypertension. This paper aims to summarize the current knowledge of HR …

Background. Though different primary studies have reported the burden of chronic kidney
disease among diabetes patients, their results have demonstrated substantial variation …

Background. Although the rate of diabetic nephropathy which is the leading cause of end‐
stage renal disease (ESRD) continues to rise, there is limited information about the problem …

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the severest form of kidney disease
characterized by poor filtration. The magnitude of chronic kidney disease is trending upward …

Background Medication related problem (MRP) is an event occurring, as a result, the
medication therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcomes …

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious chronic complications of
diabetes mellitus (DM). Autophagy is an important physiological function for podocytes to …

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in
diabetic patients. However, limited evidence is available about its incidence and predictors …

Background. Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end‐stage renal disease,
and it brings high morbidity and mortality. Globally, the predominant rise in type II diabetes …

Objective: The main aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide
summarized evidence on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated factors …

Cardiovascular complications were the main consequence of poor glycemic control. The
hospital management system needs to make sure that there are opportunities and times set …