Sleep-immune interactions are well-known phenomena in everyday life and folk wisdom.
There is no doubt that an infection makes us tired and increases the desire to sleep, and a …

This review summarizes the brain mechanisms controlling sleep and wakefulness.
Wakefulness promoting systems cause low-voltage, fast activity in the …

Sleep is a complex physiological process that is regulated globally, regionally, and locally
by both cellular and molecular mechanisms. It occurs to some extent in all animals, although …

Controlled, experimental studies on the effects of acute sleep loss in humans have shown
that mediators of inflammation are altered by sleep loss. Elevations in these mediators have …

Good sleep is necessary for physical and mental health. For example, sleep loss impairs
immune function, and sleep is altered during infection. Immune signalling molecules are …

Sleep was analysed in 8 young adult subjects during two baseline nights and two recovery
nights following 40.5 h sleep deprivation. Sleep stages were scored from the polygraph …

Interleukin-1 beta (IL1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) promote non-rapid eye
movement sleep under physiological and inflammatory conditions. Additional cytokines are …

Several growth factors (GFs) are implicated in sleep regulation. It is posited that these GFs
are produced in response to neural activity and affect input‐output relationships within the …

The mammalian circadian system is a multi‐oscillator, hierarchically organised system
where a central pacemaker synchronises behavioural, physiological and gene expression …

Delta activity on electroencephalogram (EEG) is considered a biomarker of homeostatic
sleep drive. Delta power is often associated with sleep duration and intensity. Here, we …