Herein, we review mechanisms regulating cerebral blood flow (CBF), with specific focus on
humans. We revisit important concepts from the older literature and describe the interaction …

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its distribution are highly sensitive to changes in the partial
pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2). This physiological response, termed cerebrovascular …

This review highlights the influence of oxygen (O2) availability on cerebral blood flow (CBF).
Evidence for reductions in O2 content (CaO2) rather than arterial O2 tension (PaO2) as the …

Cellular hypoxia is the common final pathway of brain injury that occurs not just after
asphyxia, but also when cerebral perfusion is impaired directly (eg, embolic stroke) or …

The respiratory response to hypoxia in mammals develops from an inhibition of breathing
movements in utero into a sustained increase in ventilation in the adult. This ventilatory …

Non‐technical summary Two mechanisms control brain blood flow by changing blood
vessel diameter: autoregulation maintains flow in the face of perfusion pressure changes …

The increase in heart rate is related to increased sympathetic activity and vagal withdrawal.
10 For a given level of exercise, heart rate is greater at altitude11 (Figure 2), although the …

Objective To test the hypothesis that aerobic exercise is associated with improvements in
cognition and cerebrovascular regulation, we enrolled 206 healthy low-active middle-aged …

Constant cerebral blood flow (CBF) is vital to human survival. Originally thought to receive
steady blood flow, the brain has shown to experience increases in blood flow during …

Intact, coordinated, and precisely regulated cerebrovascular responses are required for the
maintenance of cerebral metabolic homeostasis, adequate perfusion, oxygen delivery, and …