The high mobility group protein 2 (HMGA2) regulates gene expression by binding to AT-rich
regions of DNA. Akin to other DNA architectural proteins, HMGA2 is highly expressed in …

In mammals, the insulin receptor (IR) gene has acquired an additional exon, exon 11. This
exon may be skipped in a developmental and tissue-specific manner. The IR, therefore …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are∼ 22-nucleotide RNAs that can pair to sites within messenger
RNAs to specify posttranscriptional repression of these messages. Aberrant miRNA …

Cellular senescence is a stable state of proliferative arrest that provides a barrier to
malignant transformation and contributes to the antitumor activity of certain chemotherapies …

Core histones package the genome into nucleosomes and control its accessibility to
transcription factors. High mobility group proteins (HMGs) are, after histones, the second …

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs during embryogenesis, carcinoma
invasiveness, and metastasis and can be elicited by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) …

There is evidence, both in vitro and in vivo, that receptor tyrosine kinases play a key role in
the formation and progression of human cancer. In particular, the insulin-like growth factor …

The high mobility group (HMG) proteins are a superfamily of abundant and ubiquitous
nuclear proteins that bind to DNA and nucleosomes and induce structural changes in the …

The activin/transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway plays an important role in
tumorigenesis either by its tumor suppressor or tumor promoting effect. Loss of members of …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly evolutionarily-conserved non-coding small RNAs, which
were first identified in Caenorhabditis elegans. Let-7 miRNA is involved in the regulation of …