SUMMARY Type IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a
wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and …

Type IV pili are remarkably strong, flexible filaments with varied roles in bacterial
pathogenicity. All Gram-negative bacterial surfaces have type IV pili, which are polymeric …

The unifying feature of all proteins that are transported out of the cytoplasm of gram-negative
bacteria by the general secretory pathway (GSP) is the presence of a long stretch of …

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a cause of childhood diarrhea, grow on the
surface of the small intestine and on cultured epithelial cells as colonies of adherent …

The interaction of bacteria with host cell surfaces causing virulence is effected by surface
adhesins named type IV pili. Pili is formed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by proteolytic …

Vibrio cholerae typically contains a prophage that carries the genes encoding the cholera
toxin, which is responsible for the major clinical symptoms of the disease. In recent years …

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa genes pilB‐D and pilQ are necessary for the assembly of
type 4 fimbriae. Homologues of these genes and of the subunit (pilin) gene have been …

Pili prepared from Neisseria gonorrhoeae contain minor amounts of a 110 kd outer
membrane protein denoted PilC. The corresponding gene exists in two copies, pilC1 and …

Abstract Type-4 fimbriae (pili) are associated with a phenomenon known as twitching
motility, which appears to be involved with bacterial translocation across solid surfaces …

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are food‐borne intestinal pathogens with a
low infectious dose. Adhesion of some EHEC strains to epithelial cells is attributed, in part, to …