Repeated, intense use of muscles leads to a decline in performance known as muscle
fatigue. Many muscle properties change during fatigue including the action potential …

Large-conductance Ca2+ release channels known as ryanodine receptors (RyRs) mediate
the release of Ca2+ from an intracellular membrane compartment, the endo/sarcoplasmic …

Ca2+-dependent signaling is highly regulated in cardiomyocytes and determines the force
of cardiac muscle contraction. Ca2+ cycling refers to the release and reuptake of …

Rhythmic and effective cardiac contraction depends on appropriately timed generation and
spread of cardiac electrical activity. The basic cellular unit of such activity is the action …

Arrhythmias, a common cause of sudden cardiac death, can occur in structurally normal
hearts, although the mechanism is not known. In cardiac muscle, the ryanodine receptor …

Patients with heart failure experience a number of changes in the electrical function of the
heart that predispose to potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias. Action potential prolongation …

Abnormalities of diastolic function are common to virtually all forms of cardiac failure.
However, their underlying mechanisms, precise role in the generation and phenotypic …

Ca2+/calmodulin–dependent kinase II (CaMKII) has been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy
and heart failure. We generated mice in which the predominant cardiac isoform, CaMKIIδ …

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) regulate the local concentration of 3′, 5′ cyclic adenosine
monophosphate (cAMP) within cells. cAMP activates the cAMP-dependent protein kinase …

Calcium (Ca2+) release from intracellular stores controls numerous cellular processes,
including cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction, synaptic transmission and metabolism …