Neural probes, as an invasive physiological tool at the mesoscopic scale, can decipher the
code of brain connections and communications from the cellular or even molecular level …

Targeted delivery of neurochemicals and biomolecules for neuromodulation of brain activity
is a powerful technique that, in addition to electrical recording and stimulation, enables a …

Flexible high-density microelectrode arrays (HDMEAs) are emerging as a key component in
closed-loop brain–machine interfaces (BMIs), providing high-resolution functionality for …

Integrating flexible electronics and photonics can create revolutionary technologies, but
combining these components on a single polymer device has been difficult, particularly for …

The advent of optogenetics provides a well-targeted tool to manipulate neurons because of
its high time resolution and cell-type specificity. Recently, closed-loop neural manipulation …

In recent years, optogenetic-based neural regulation technologies have attracted extensive
attention. Among them, the active neural optrode integrated with optical stimulating micro …

Monitoring neural activity in the central nervous system often utilizes silicon-based
microelectromechanical system (MEMS) probes. Despite their effectiveness in monitoring …

Flexible capacitive pressure sensors are widely used in many applications due to their
simple structure and low cost. However, high sensitivity and wide linear range are often …

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is the golden tool for many emerging
biomedical applications that describes the behavior, stability, and long-term durability of …

Brain consists of billions of neurons interconnected through complex circuits to perform
functions. Understanding the neural basis of brain function requires probing neural circuits …