Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a widely applied non-destructive method
of characterisation of Li-ion batteries. Despite its ease of application, there are inherent …

This paper reviews the recent evolution of the measurement techniques in the area of
impedance measurement from the Wheatstone bridge to the most advanced Josephson …

For decades, the quantum behavior of Josephson junctions has been employed as intrinsic
standards for voltage metrology. Conventional dc Josephson voltage standards have been …

About 60 years after the discovery of the Josephson effect, electrical DC voltage calibrations
are routinely performed worldwide—mostly using automated Josephson voltage standards …

This paper presents a full characterization of a Dual Josephson Impedance Bridge (DJIB) at
frequencies up to 80 kHz by using the DJIB to compare the best available impedance …

A reconfigurable digital bridge for calibrating four terminal-pair (4-TP) defined impedance
standards in the whole complex impedance plane by means of fully digital (FD) operation of …

We describe the implementation of new commercial pulse-bias electronics that have
enabled an improvement in the generation of quantum-accurate waveforms both with and …

In this paper the realization of a two-terminal-pair impedance bridge based on pulse-driven
Josephson arrays will be presented. This bridge was used to link a 10 nF capacitance …

Fully digital impedance bridges are emerging as measuring instruments for primary
electrical impedance metrology and the realization of impedance units and scales. This …

By fixing two fundamental constants from quantum mechanics, the Planck constant h and the
elementary charge e, the revised “Système international”(SI) of units endorses explicitly …