In spite of the huge progress in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, we are still in the situation
that both pregestational (PGDM) and gestational diabetes (GDM) impose an additional risk …

Introduction Pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM; GDM) are significant
health concerns because they are associated with an increased rate of malformations and …

The relative contribution of genetic and environmental influences to the US black‐white
disparity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is hotly debated within the public health …

During development, the human fetus accrues the highest proportion of fat of all mammals.
Precursors of fat lobules can be found at week 14 of pregnancy. Thereafter, they expand …

▪ Abstract About one third of all pregnant women in the United States are obese. Maternal
obesity at conception alters gestational metabolic adjustments and affects placental …

Childhood obesity has reached pandemic proportions, and youth-onset type 2 diabetes is
following suit. This review summarises the literature on the influence of developmental …

Sugar replacement in food and beverage manufacture no longer hasjust an economic
benefit. The use of ingredients to improve thenutritional status of a food product is now one …

Abstract Disparities in African American health remain pervasive and persist
ransgenerationally. There is a growing consensus that both structural and interpersonal …

The placenta plays a key role in sustaining fetal growth and development. Due to its position
between mother and fetus, it is exposed to changes in the intrauterine environment in both …

Gestational diabetes, occurring during the hyperglycemic period of pregnancy in maternal
life, is a pathologic state that increases the incidence of complications in both mother and …