An ever-increasing energy demand and environmental problems associated with
exhaustible fossil fuels have led to the search for an alternative renewable source of energy …

Biodiesel is a non-toxic renewable energy source that is gaining attention globally owing to
its direct applicability in preexisting engines without any modification. Various technologies …

This review addresses the use of biochar as a green and versatile catalyst support for
emerging high-end applications beyond soil remediation, including chemical synthesis and …

Coal fly ash, an industrial by-product, is derived from coal combustion in thermal power
plants. It is one of the most complex anthropogenic materials, and its improper disposal has …

Biodiesel production is commonly carried out through the process of transesterification
reaction. The reaction is expedited with a suitable catalyst either homogeneous or …

Over the years, the production of waste ash from many sources (eg coal, biomass, industrial,
animal, and municipal solid waste) and from conventional and renewable energy …

Biodiesel is gaining attention as a remedy for the increasing demand of fossil fuels which is
depleting rapidly. Commercial homogeneous catalysts in the biodiesel production industry …

Firstly, this paper reviews two main methods for biochar synthesis, namely conventional
pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The related processes are described, and …

The present paper is an overview of the recent progress in the development of various CaO-
based catalysts suitable for biodiesel production. The mechanism, kinetics and optimization …

Triglycerides are the main constituents of lipids, which are the fatty acids of glycerol. Natural
organic triglycerides (viz. virgin vegetable oils, recycled cooking oils, and animal fats) are …