Sleep disorders are a group of conditions that affect the ability to sleep well on a regular
basis and cause significant impairments in social and occupational functions. Although …

There has been increased interest in the measurement of melatonin in plasma and saliva
recently either as a marker of circadian phase or to understand the physiological role of …

Background Owing to the widespread use of smartphones, researchers have an increasing
interest in smartphone addiction. The purpose of this study is to look into the outcomes of …

Background Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD) is characterised by sleep
initiation insomnia when attempting sleep at conventional times and difficulty waking at the …

The onset of melatonin secretion, the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), is a tool for
determining the phase of the circadian timing system. Although small studies have …

The pineal gland hormone melatonin continues to be of considerable interest to biomedical
researchers. Of particular interest is the pattern of secretion of melatonin in relation to sleep …

Study objectives Myopia, or near-sightedness, is the most common refractive vision disorder
and predisposes the eye to many blinding conditions in adulthood. Recent research has …

Key points This is the first study to demonstrate an altered circadian phase shifting response
in a circadian rhythm sleep disorder. Patients with delayed sleep–wake phase disorder …

Objective To assess factors that might contribute to a delayed sleep schedule in young
adults with sub-clinical features of delayed sleep phase disorder. Methods Two groups of 14 …

Background Adolescents with a late chronotype are at greater risk for mood disorders, risk-
taking behaviors, school absenteeism, and lower academic achievement. As there are …