The literature on metallothioneins (MT) and metallothionein-like proteins (MTLP) in aquatic
invertebrates is large and increasing, and yet inconsistencies and confusion remain, not …

The crustacean gill is a multi-functional organ, and it is the site of a number of physiological
processes, including ion transport, which is the basis for hemolymph osmoregulation; acid …

Large volumes of produced water are generated and discharged to the coastal and ocean
waters worldwide from offshore oil and gas production facilities. There is concern that the …

There is increasing recognition of the quantitative importance of metal accumulation from
dietary pathways in different marine food webs. With a simple kinetic model requiring …

In this review, recent developments in monitoring toxicological responses in estuarine
animals are analyzed, considering the biomarker responses to different classes of …

The introduction of the European Commission's Water Framework Directive (WFD;
2000/60/EC) established a new era in environmental risk assessment. In addition to …

Because of their wide geographic distribution, position in the trophic chain, rapid turnover,
huge biomass and role in ocean biogeochemical cycles, copepods are regarded as …

Abstract Green crabs (Carcinus, Portunidae) include two species native to Europe—
Carcinus aestuarii (Mediterranean species) and Carcinus maenas (Atlantic species). These …

Cadmium and zinc uptake from the dissolved phase, assimilation efficiency from the dietary
phase, efflux rate constants, and body burden as well as clearance rate were measured in …

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals that are widespread in inshore
sediments of China, and can induce the production of toxic hydroxyl radicals that cause cell …