In recent years, the energy consumption problem in China has become increasingly
prominent and district heating systems have received more and more attention compared to …

This research examines distribution networks in detail, both underground and overhead, as
well as the layout of distribution pipes. It takes into account both energy and economic …

Storage tanks are commonly used for domestic hot water (DHW) preparation in large
buildings supplied by district heating (DH), especially to cope with peak demand. The …

Abstract Various Collective Heating and Cooling Systems (CHCS) have emerged as
promising low-carbon energy solutions for buildings. However, the absence of tailored …

Heat pumps play a central role in decarbonizing the heat supply of buildings. However, in
this article, implementing heat pumps in existing buildings, a significant challenge is still …

Collective heating systems have multiple end-users with time-varying, often different
temperature demands. There are several concepts catering to this, eg, multi-pipe networks …

On the transition toward low-temperature district heating (DH), generation sectors,
distribution networks, and building consumers should all be adapted to low-temperature …

Heating and cooling systems account for approximately 50% of global energy consumption
and contribute 40% of carbon dioxide emissions. District-heating systems offer enhanced …

Domestic hot water (DHW) is essential for daily life, yet the production can be energy
intensive. Advances in building insulation reduced space heating demand, while DHW …

The transition toward greener district heating (DH) systems is supported by the low-
temperature operation of building heating systems. In addition to reducing the DH supply …