Aim This clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain provides
recommendations and algorithms for clinicians to assess and diagnose chest pain in adult …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women. Decades of grassroots
campaigns have helped to raise awareness about the impact of cardiovascular disease in …

Clinicians can encounter sex and gender disparities in diagnostic and therapeutic
responses. These disparities are noted in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical …

This consensus document, a summary of the views of an expert panel organized by the
European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), appraises the …

Myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease is found in≈ 5%
to 6% of all patients with acute infarction who are referred for coronary angiography. There …

Many patients with chest pain undergoing coronary angiography do not show significant
obstructive coronary lesions. A substantial proportion of these patients have abnormalities in …

Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) refers to the subset of disorders affecting the
structure and function of the coronary microcirculation, is prevalent in patients across a …

Aims Coronary microvascular ischaemia, cardiomyocyte injury and stiffness may play an
important role in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction …

In 2008, the Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina
(coronary spastic angina) 1 were developed by the Japanese Circulation Society, and the …

Well into the 21st century, we still triage acute myocardial infarction on the basis of the
presence or absence of ST-segment elevation, a century-old technology. Meanwhile, we …