on several occasions, the need has been expressed to improve the identification of the
macroscopic maturity stages through a standardization of operational procedures and …

Life-history traits provide a way to estimate the vulnerability of both individuals and
populations of a species to disturbance (eg, overexploitation, climate change). Life-history …

Simple Summary Batoid species are cartilaginous fish commonly known as rays, but they
also include stingrays, electric rays, guitarfish, skates, and sawfish. These species are very …

According to their main life history traits, organisms can be arranged in a continuum from fast
(species with small body size, short lifespan and high fecundity) to slow (species with …

Raja clavata is the most widespread and landed skate species in the Mediterranean Basin.
Despite its diffusion and economic importance, several aspects of its life history, such as age …

Rare and poorly studied species, like the endemic skates of the Mediterranean Sea, are
considered prone to high rates of extinction and threat because of non-optimal reporting and …

Simple Summary Sharks, rays, and skates are increasingly being recognized as
endangered due to their life-history characteristics, fishing pressure, and habitat …

Despite increased focus on ascertaining the status of elasmobranch fish, the stock units for
many species are uncertain. Data from mark-recapture tagging studies undertaken from …

Fisheries management requires the best scientific knowledge on the exploitation and
conservation status of stocks. This is challenging for by-catch species, for which necessary …

Due to data limitation and challenges with species-specific reporting, the management of
European skate fisheries currently lacks measures tailored to individual species. Given …