Electronic doping in organic materials has remained an elusive concept for several
decades. It drew considerable attention in the early days in the quest for organic materials …

Over the last 5 years, research on the synthesis, device engineering, and device physics of
solution‐processed small molecule solar cells (SMSCs) has rapidly expanded …

Space-charge-limited current (SCLC) measurements have been widely used to study the
charge carrier mobility and trap density in semiconductors. However, their applicability to …

Polythiophenes (PTs) are promising electron donors for organic solar cells (OSCs) due to
their low production cost. However, the device performance of PTs in OSCs is rather poor …

Functional additives that can interact with the perovskite precursors to form the intermediate
phase have been proven essential in obtaining uniform and stable α-FAPbI3 films. Among …

Emerging nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) with crystalline domains enable high-performance
bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. Thermal annealing is known to enhance the BHJ …

Discovering and optimizing commercially viable materials for clean energy applications
typically takes more than a decade. Self-driving laboratories that iteratively design, execute …

Impedance spectroscopy has been widely applied over the last decades to study
electrochemical systems and solid-state devices. However, performing impedance …

The external quantum efficiencies of state-of-the-art colloidal quantum dot light-emitting
diodes (QLEDs) are now approaching the limit set by the out-coupling efficiency. However …

One of the great challenges in perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes (Pe-QLEDs) is
the unbalanced charge injection that significantly hinders the device performance and …