BACKGROUND The mammalian immune system is a remarkable sensory system for the
detection and neutralization of pathogens. History is replete with the devastating effects of …

The recent events of outbreaks related to different respiratory viruses in the past few years,
exponentiated by the pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) …

For centuries the world has been confronted with many infectious diseases, with a potential
to turn into a pandemic posing a constant threat to human lives. Some of these pandemics …

This chapter provides an introduction to animals that are commonly used for research. It
presents information on basic care topics such as biology, behavior, housing, feeding …

The epitome of the One Health paradigm—and of its shortcomings—rabies has been known
to humankind for at least 4000 years. We review the evolution through history of concepts …

Rabies is a global problem, but the burden is higher in less developed or developing
countries of Asia and Africa. In Nepal, rabies is reported to kill around 500 animals and up to …

Rabies is a vaccine-preventable fatal disease in man and most mammals. Although rabies is
recorded in 150 territories and is responsible for at least 60,000 human deaths every year …

There are concerns that effectiveness and consistency of biopharmaceutical formulations,
including vaccines, may be compromised by differences in size, concentration and shape of …

Since the first proof of principle experimental study in the 1970s, oral rabies vaccines have
gained a great reputation in controlling and eliminating rabies in wildlife. Starting with …

Lab-attenuated rabies virus (RABV) is a highly cellular adaptation and less pathogenic than
wild-type RABV. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the cellular adaptation …