The mammalian gut microbial community, known as the gut microbiota, comprises trillions of
bacteria, which co-evolved with the host and has an important role in a variety of host …

The NOD-like receptor (NLR) family of proteins is a group of pattern recognition receptors
(PRRs) known to mediate the initial innate immune response to cellular injury and stress …

The pyrin inflammasome has evolved as an innate immune sensor to detect bacterial toxin-
induced Rho guanosine triphosphatase (Rho GTPase)-inactivation, a process that is similar …

Clostridium difficile is a major cause of intestinal infection and diarrhoea in individuals
following antibiotic treatment. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the mechanisms that …

Clostridium difficile is a bacterial pathogen that is the leading cause of nosocomial antibiotic-
associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis worldwide. The incidence, severity …

This Review summarizes mechanistic investigations in faecal microbiota transplantation
(FMT), which has increasingly been adapted into clinical practice as treatment for …

Inflammasomes are macromolecular platforms formed in response to damage-associated
molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, whose formation …

A dense resident microbial community in the gut, referred as the commensal microbiota,
coevolved with the host and is essential for many host physiological processes that include …

Cytosolic inflammasome complexes mediated by a pattern recognition receptor (PRR)
defend against pathogen infection by activating caspase 1. Pyrin, a candidate PRR, can …

Inflammasome signalling is an emerging pillar of innate immunity and has a central role in
the regulation of gastrointestinal health and disease. Activation of the inflammasome …