Plants are constantly exposed to various phytopathogens such as fungi, Oomycetes,
nematodes, bacteria, and viruses. These pathogens can significantly reduce the productivity …

Microorganisms are an important element in modeling sustainable agriculture. Their role in
soil fertility and health is crucial in maintaining plants' growth, development, and yield …

The administration of plant growth-promoting microbes as inoculants to attain improved crop
yield with enhanced soil fertility is the most efficient technique for achieving sustainability in …

Plants have an impact on the economy because they are used in the food and medical
industries. Plants are a source of macro-and micronutrients for the health of humans and …

Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of grey mould and one of the most important plant
pathogens in the world because of the damage it causes to fruits and vegetables. Although …

Meloidogyne enterolobii, commonly known as guava root-knot nematode, poses risk due to
its widespread distribution and extensive host range. This species is recognized as the most …

Water management techniques are improving at the farm level, but they are not enough to
deal with the limited availability of water and increased crop yields. Soil microbes play a vital …

The escalating use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides to boost crop production has led to
the depletion of natural resources, contamination of water sources, and environmental …

The increasing public demand to avoid the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers in
agricultural production systems, causing serious environmental damages, has challenged …

The rhizosphere, a term introduced by Lorenz Hiltner in 1904, is defined as a thin layer of
soil that surrounds and is influenced by plant roots (Philippot et al., 2013). It can be divided …