Most (if not all) tumors emerge and progress under a strong evolutionary pressure imposed
by trophic, metabolic, immunological, and therapeutic factors. The relative impact of these …

Conventional chemotherapeutics have been developed into clinically useful agents based
on their ability to preferentially kill malignant cells, generally owing to their elevated …

Aging is a physiological process mediated by numerous biological and genetic pathways,
which are directly linked to lifespan and are a driving force for all age-related diseases …

Cells succumbing to stress via regulated cell death (RCD) can initiate an adaptive immune
response associated with immunological memory, provided they display sufficient …

The recognition of DNA as an immune-stimulatory molecule is an evolutionarily conserved
mechanism to initiate rapid innate immune responses against microbial pathogens. The …

Advances in our understanding of molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis have translated
into knowledge-based therapies directed against specific oncogenic signaling targets …

Metastatic dissemination occurs very early in the malignant progression of a cancer but the
clinical manifestation of metastases often takes years. In recent decades, 5-year survival of …

Calreticulin (CALR) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein involved in a
spectrum of cellular processes. In healthy cells, CALR operates as a chaperone and Ca2+ …

Immunotherapy is currently the most rapidly advancing area of clinical oncology, and
provides the unprecedented opportunity to effectively treat, and even cure, several …

Aneuploidy, whole chromosome or chromosome arm imbalance, is a near-universal
characteristic of human cancers. In 10,522 cancer genomes from The Cancer Genome Atlas …