It is often assumed that an animal's metabolic rate can be estimated through measuring the
whole-organism oxygen consumption rate. However, oxygen consumption alone is unlikely …

Although oxidative stress is a central topic in biochemical and medical research, the number
of reports on its relevance in life‐history studies of non‐human animals is still low …

We have previously shown that avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) is downregulated on
exposure to acute heat stress, stimulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

Migrating birds perform extraordinary endurance flights, up to 200 h non-stop, at a very high
metabolic rate and while fasting. Such an intense and prolonged physical activity is normally …

Converting food to chemical energy (ATP) that is usable by cells is a principal requirement to
sustain life. The rate of ATP production has to be sufficient for housekeeping functions, such …

Mutations that perturb leptin-melanocortin signaling are known to cause hyperphagia and
obesity, but energy expenditure has not been well studied outside rodents. We report on a …

Many animals experience periods of food shortage in their natural environment. It has been
hypothesised that the metabolic responses of animals to naturally‐occurring periods of food …

Fasting is a component of many species' life history due to environmental factors or
behavioral patterns that limit access to food. Despite metabolic and physiological challenges …

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of animal cells. They produce through oxidative
phosphorylation more than 90% of the cellular energy (ATP) required for organism's growth …

Despite their lack of brown adipose tissue, some bird species develop regulatory non-
shivering thermogenesis (NST) of skeletal muscle origin in response to cold acclimation …