Pathogenic fungi have become a leading cause of human mortality due to the increasing
frequency of fungal infections in immunocompromised populations and the limited …

Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans, causing approximately 400,000 life-
threatening systemic infections world-wide each year in severely immunocompromised …

In eukaryotic cells, a family of serine/threonine protein kinases known as mitogen-activated
protein (MAP) kinases (MAPKs) is involved in the transduction of a variety of extracellular …

Candida albicans is a polymorphic fungus that has the ability to rapidly switch between
yeast and filamentous forms. The morphological transition appears to be a critical virulence …

The production of host‐selective toxins by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria alternata is
essential for the pathogenesis. A. alternata infection in citrus leaves induces rapid lipid …

While fungi are widely occupying nature, many species are responsible for devastating
mycosis in humans. Such niche diversity explains how quick fungal adaptation is necessary …

The Hog1 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a central role in stress responses
in the human pathogen Candida albicans. Here, we have investigated the MAPK kinase …

Signal transduction pathways are critical for the coordination of complex cellular processes
in cells. In Alternaria alternata, a necrotrophic fungal pathogen of citrus, cloning and …

The ability of microorganisms to survive and thrive within hostile environments depends on
rapid and robust stress responses. Stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathways are …

In filamentous ascomycetes, HOG-like signal transduction cascades are involved in the
resistance to hyper-osmotic conditions and to dicarboximides and phenylpyrroles. The …