Nitrogenous wastes including ammonia-N, nitrite-N, and nitrate-N are increasingly
becoming a global issue in aquatic ecosystems due to escalating anthropogenic activities …

Osmoregulation is an essential physiological process for the majority of aquatic crustaceans
since it enables them to cope with the changes/discrepancies between the ion …

Chronic toxicity of nitrate (NO3−) has not been well documented in the culture of penaeid
shrimp. To interpret this problem, lab-scale research was conducted in recirculating …

Shrimp farming in low salinities waters is an alternative to increasing production, and
counteracting disease problems in brackish and marine waters. However, in low-salinity …

This study was conducted to determine the individual and combined effects of ammonia and
nitrite on Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae (25‐to 45‐d old PL) at 10 ppt salinity, 28 C, and …

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunological responses, such as
phenoloxidase (PO), antibacterial, and bacteriolytic activities, and metabolic variables, such …

Waterborne ammonia is becoming one of the most notorious pollutants in aquatic habitats
and has been shown to induce a range of ecotoxicological effects on aquatic animals. High …

The kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus is an economically important crustacean. High
concentrations of ammonia resulting from intensive culture and environmental pollution …

The current study was performed to determine the LC50 values through early juvenile
ontogeny of the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus, which forms an important fisheries …

In the present study of the marine Dungeness crabs Metacarcinus magister, the long term
effects of high environmental ammonia (HEA) on hemolymph ammonia and urea …