This paper presents a novel method to optimize the settings of the resistive and reactive
reaches of the zones of the distance relays. The method considers the probabilistic behavior …

A performance analysis methodology for transmission line primary protection systems is
presented, based on a probabilistic approach to protection system successful operation. The …

In this paper a new method is presented for setting the quadrilateral characteristic of
distance relay, considering sensitivity and selectivity criteria for protection zones. The main …

The intermediate connection between load and generation unit is cost-effective as it does
not require an extra substation and associated equipment. Renewable energy sources are …

Quadrilateral characteristics of distance relays are widely used in modern power systems
because of its lesser sensitivity to the variation in operating scenarios and fault parameters …

在分析传统相间距离保护速动段, 配合段整定计算方法局限性的基础上, 针对传统整定方法整定
多端线路存在的不足, 提出了基于感受阻抗的相间距离保护整定方法, 并给出了通用的整定计算 …

Zone 3 impedance relays (mho relays) on transmission lines have an overreaching
protection region. The relays are sensitive to power flow redistribution and to power swing …

This paper presents a study of the problems associated with improper zone settings of a
distance relay. These problems include the difficulties of adjusting the setting when a short …

Most of the distance relays base their operation on the measured apparent fault impedance.
These relays are bound to have an error inflicted by the unknown remote end parameters …

Desirable series compensation schemes should control the power flow while not
deteriorating performance of backup transmission protections, such as zone 3 impedance …