Objectives. To describe variability in the burden of firearm violence by race, income, and
place in an urban context. Methods. We used Philadelphia Police Department data from …

This article presents a review of the theoretical and empirical status of lifestyle-routine
activities theory, along with a discussion of its utility for policy and practice. The article covers …

Purpose Few quantitative studies have tested Anderson's (1999) suggestion that reliance on
codes of violence and mistrust in the police reduce the likelihood of cooperating with the …

BACKGROUND Firearm injuries are the second leading cause of death among children and
adolescents in the United States. In Colorado, firearm injuries have surpassed motor vehicle …

Objectives. Drawing on several interrelated lines of scholarship, we argue that cultural
beliefs at individual and neighborhood levels may affect police and court decisions. We …

The convict code guides behaviors, beliefs, and interactions of incarcerated people by
encouraging them to mind their own business, never back down, keep to themselves, and …

The integrated low self-control/risky lifestyle theoretical framework has proven useful for
explaining various types of victimization. Bullying victimization (ie, verbal, social, or physical …

With analysis occurring during a heightened concern with the Black Lives Matter movement
and knife crime in the UK, this paper aims to delineate the characteristics of a street code …

The distribution of malicious spam occurs in substantial numbers around the globe and can
function as a precursor to serious forms of cybercrime. Yet to date, no known study has …

Youth violence remains a concern in Germany, particularly in specific “risky” neighborhoods
that tend to be socially segregated and ethnically diverse. In this paper we critically compare …